Which factors in social determinants of health heighten IPV risk and worsen outcomes?

Which factors in social determinants of health heighten IPV risk and worsen outcomes?

• A. Poverty, housing instability, food insecurity, unemployment, and limited access to care
• B. High income and stable housing
• C. Ample social support only
• D. Access to luxury services

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that social determinants of health shape both the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence and how severe its effects can be. When economic stability is fragile—poverty, unemployment, housing instability, and food insecurity—tension and power imbalances within relationships grow. Financial stress and dependence can trap someone with an abusive partner, limit safe housing options, and make it harder to leave or seek help. Limited access to care means fewer opportunities for trauma-informed medical treatment, mental health support, legal assistance, and safety planning, which leads to worse health outcomes and a slower recovery from violence. In contrast, stable income and housing, solid social support, and access to services that meet basic needs generally reduce risk and improve resilience, so they do not heighten IPV risk. Luxury services, while not addressing safety or shelter, aren’t protective factors and don’t tackle the core barriers that sustain risk.

The main idea is that social determinants of health shape both the risk of experiencing intimate partner violence and how severe its effects can be. When economic stability is fragile—poverty, unemployment, housing instability, and food insecurity—tension and power imbalances within relationships grow. Financial stress and dependence can trap someone with an abusive partner, limit safe housing options, and make it harder to leave or seek help. Limited access to care means fewer opportunities for trauma-informed medical treatment, mental health support, legal assistance, and safety planning, which leads to worse health outcomes and a slower recovery from violence.

In contrast, stable income and housing, solid social support, and access to services that meet basic needs generally reduce risk and improve resilience, so they do not heighten IPV risk. Luxury services, while not addressing safety or shelter, aren’t protective factors and don’t tackle the core barriers that sustain risk.